亚洲的饮食模式和心血管疾病:系统性审查和元分析
Gladys Huiyun Lim1, Nithya Neelakantan2, Yu Qi Lee1
1Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
坚持高质量的饮食模式,特别是那些由非亚洲指数定义的饮食模式,与亚洲人群中心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的降低有关. 目前的亚洲饮食质量标准需要更新,以更好地反映心血管疾病的影响.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 仍然是亚洲人群的重大健康问题.
- 新兴的亚洲衍生饮食质量指数和数据驱动的饮食模式需要综合和评估.
- 了解饮食模式与心血管疾病风险之间的关联对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合亚洲人口的各种饮食模式.
- 量化不同饮食模式与心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险之间的关联.
- 评估亚洲衍生与非亚洲饮食指数在预测心血管疾病风险方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,Scopus和Web of Science的系统文献搜索,寻找南亚,东南亚和东亚的观测研究.
- 饮食模式的分类为"高质量" (水果,蔬菜,全谷物,健康蛋白质,植物油) 和"低质量" (超加工食品,添加糖,盐,酒精).
- 使用随机效应模型进行元分析,以汇集对心血管疾病风险的研究特定效应估计.
主要成果:
- 对高质量的饮食模式的更高坚持与较低的心血管疾病风险有关,非亚洲指数 (RR:0.78),亚洲指数 (RR:0.84) 和数据驱动模式 (RR:0.81) 定义的模式具有显著的关联.
- 植物性,低质量,动物性和饮食多样性指数显示,饮食模式与心血管疾病风险没有显著关联.
- 与非亚洲指数相比,亚洲饮食质量指数与心血管疾病风险之间的关联较弱.
结论:
- 高质量的饮食模式与亚洲人群心血管疾病风险降低有关.
- 现有的亚洲饮食质量标准可能需要改进,以准确评估心血管疾病风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发和验证亚洲心血管健康的文化相关的饮食评估工具.
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