风暂时削弱了河口的人生生态系统联系
Joseph W Reustle1, Benjamin A Belgrad2, Evan Pettis3
1Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, 23368, USA. joseph.reustle@hamptonu.edu.
Oecologia
|July 15, 2024
概括
风可能会破坏渔业,导致捕食鱼种群增加和沿海生态系统多样性增加. 人类影响的这种暂时减少可以揭示降低渔业压力的生态益处.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 沿海的生态系统
背景情况:
- 像风这样的强烈干扰显著改变了沿海生态系统.
- 风可以破坏人类活动,为研究生态系统动态提供了独特的机会.
- 了解自然干扰和人类影响之间的相互作用对于沿海管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化鱼礁生态系统减少渔业压力的影响,在风哈维之后.
- 评估大风后鱼群和社区结构的变化.
- 研究人类活动对沿海食物网的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 在 (2016年) 和 (2018年) 哈维风前 (2016年) 和之后 (2018年) 在礁上进行了捕食者排除实验.
- 分析了8年 (2011-2018) 关于渔业压力和鱼群的渔业独立数据.
- 在不同程度的风影响和渔业基础设施损坏的地区比较生态变化.
主要成果:
- 风后受损地区的渔业努力下降了90%,导致捕食鱼的数量增加了300%.
- 珊瑚礁鱼和无脊椎动物群体显示出显著的变化,风暴后的多样性增加了30%左右.
- 运动鱼 (例如,大珀) 捕捞每单位努力 (CPUE) 增加1.7-6.9×,降低了捕捞压力.
- 像这样的中间消费者数量减少了45%,并且比小了10%.
结论:
- 风可以暂时削弱人类与生态系统的联系,允许捕食鱼重新建立自上而下的控制.
- 由于自然干扰而降低的捕捞压力,可以在河口食物网中带来间接的生态利益.
- 这些发现强调了人类活动对沿海生态系统的重大影响,以及当这些活动中断时生态恢复的潜力.
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