肠道病毒:疫苗的流行潜力,挑战和机遇
Minne Jartti1, Malin Flodström-Tullberg2, Minna M Hankaniemi3
1Virology and Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Journal of biomedical science
|July 15, 2024
概括
肠道病毒 (EV) 引起广泛的疾病,但只有很少的疫苗存在. 开发新的,可适应的肠道病毒疫苗对于应对新兴菌株的公共卫生准备至关重要.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肠道病毒 (EV) 是常见的人类病毒,引起各种疾病,从轻微的感冒到严重的神经和心脏疾病.
- 尽管有超过280种血清型,但只有四种有许可的疫苗,并且没有抗病毒治疗方法可用.
- 全球监测和对肠道病毒爆发的协调准备仍然不足,随着正在进行的脊髓灰质炎病毒循环和非脊髓灰质炎EV流行病.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近的肠道病毒疫情和脊髓灰质炎病毒根除工作.
- 分析开发新型肠道病毒疫苗的挑战和机会.
- 为了突出由于不断变化的风险,需要有效和适应性的肠道病毒疫苗.
主要方法:
- 关于肠道病毒疫苗的已发表研究的文献综述.
- 对正在进行的疫苗开发的临床试验数据库的分析.
- 对肠道病毒的传统和新兴疫苗技术的检查.
主要成果:
- 现有的全病毒疫苗技术对于许多临床相关的EVs是不够的.
- 在将有前途的候选疫苗转化为临床用途方面存在重大障碍.
- 新的疫苗技术正在出现,以解决当前方法的局限性.
结论:
- 迫切需要协调准备和针对肠道病毒的新型疫苗策略.
- 开发有效和可适应的肠道病毒疫苗对于未来的公共卫生安全至关重要.
- 了解疫苗开发挑战和新技术是对抗肠道病毒威胁的关键.
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