在美国,儿童可以获得牙科护理
Nicoleta Serban1, Simin Ma1, Jiaxi Yu1
1Georgia Institute of Technology, H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Atlanta, Northwest Georgia, USA.
Journal of public health dentistry
|July 16, 2024
概括
有公共牙科保险的儿童比私人保险的儿童更难获得护理. 改善牙医参与医疗补助/CHIP可以有所帮助,但扩大口腔健康工作人员是整体获取的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
背景情况:
- 获得牙科护理对于儿童的整体健康和福祉至关重要.
- 在获得牙科护理方面存在差异,特别是在公共保险儿童方面.
- 了解影响牙科护理获取的因素对于制定政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估目前美国儿童获得牙科护理的现状.
- 评估保险类型 (医疗补助,CHIP,私人) 对获得牙科护理的影响.
- 模拟牙医在公共保险计划中参与度增加对医疗准入的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用多个数据源,估计了48个州和华盛顿特区儿童在社区层面获得牙科护理的机会.
- 采用数学建模来匹配牙科护理的供需,考虑到接入限制.
- 分析了结果,包括满足需求的百分比,旅行距离和服务不足的人口;评估了医疗补助/CHIP牙医参与的场景.
主要成果:
- 与私人保险儿童相比,医疗补助计划或CHIP保险的儿童获得牙科护理的机会明显较低.
- 在大多数州,公共保险儿童的满足需求比例低于50%,而私人保险通常超过50% (除了两个州).
- 增加牙医参与医疗补助/CHIP改善了公开保险儿童的获取,具体影响因州而异;然而,没有一个单一的参与率在所有儿童和州中均地改善.
结论:
- 与全国私人保险相比,有公共保险的儿童获得牙科护理的机会明显较低.
- 虽然加强牙医的公共保险参与可以减轻差异,但扩大口腔健康工作人员被认为是改善儿童整体牙科护理准入的更有效策略.
- 国家层面对公共保险参与变化的反应各不相同,凸显了解决牙科护理准入不平等问题的复杂性.
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