寒冷和高温对慢性病患者功能的影响
Min Young Park1, Joonho Ahn2, S Bae3
1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Journal of occupational health
|July 16, 2024
概括
高温在患有糖尿病和高血压等慢性疾病的个体中显著损害功能. 升高的热量指数水平与估计的球过率 (eGFR) 的下降相关,突出显示了病进展的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 临床流行病学临床流行病学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病,高血压和慢性病 (CKD) 等慢性疾病影响着相当一部分人口.
- 功能对整体健康至关重要,并可能受到各种环境因素的影响.
- 了解温度对功能的影响对于公共卫生至关重要,特别是对弱势群体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查环境温度和暴露于热量对先前患有慢性疾病的患者功能的影响.
- 确定与功能变化相关的特定温度值和热量指数水平.
- 为公共卫生干预提供证据,旨在减轻与热有关的衰退.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性队列研究,利用来自首尔圣玛丽医院 (自1997年以来) 的大规模临床数据.
- 气候数据,包括温度和湿度,来自韩国气象局.
- 用CKD-EPI方程计算热量指数来量化热量暴露,并使用CKD-EPI方程确定估计的淋巴膜过率 (eGFR). 用通用添加混合模型来分析趋势.
主要成果:
- 通过eGFR测量功能,显示线性下降,随着温度指数上升至大约25°C以上.
- 观察到eGFR的显著下降,热暴露的影响持续0到5天的滞后时间.
- 虽然在降低eGFR和温度低于-10°C之间发现了相关性,但它没有达到统计学意义.
结论:
- 高环境温度明显损害慢性疾病患者的功能.
- 这些发现为暴露于热量和恶化功能之间的联系提供了关键的科学证据.
- 这些结果可以为预防与热有关的发病率的策略提供信息,并识别有风险的个体进行主动护.
相关概念视频
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
72
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
72
01:29Decreased Body Temperature
604
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
604
01:28Factors Affecting Body Temperature
4.0K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may include:
Factors may include:
4.0K
01:24Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct
900
The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
900
01:27Dialysis
288
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
288
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
79
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
79