在劳动年龄的成年人中,上呼吸道菌肺炎的殖民化,普遍暴露于过度拥挤
Anna M Parker1, Nicole Jackson2, Shevya Awasthi2
1Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
肺炎球菌携带者在9.1%的低收入成年农场工人中被发现. 接触幼儿和家庭过度拥挤增加了携带风险和密度,这表明成年人在密切接触环境中发生传播.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肺炎球菌病不成比例地影响婴儿和老年人.
- 疫情也会影响到群体环境中的成年人,但这些群体的运输情况尚不清楚.
- 肺炎性链球菌的携带先于肺炎球菌疾病.
研究的目的:
- 调查低收入成年农场工人的肺炎球菌携带者流行率和风险因素.
- 了解儿童暴露和家庭拥挤在成年人肺炎球菌传播中的作用.
主要方法:
- 从加利福尼亚州蒙特利县的1283名成年农场工人收集的唾液样本 (2020年7月至11月).
- 培养丰富后进行定量PCR测定,针对肺炎球菌检测的lyta和piaB基因.
- 分析运输的流行,密度,以及与人口和家庭因素的关联.
主要成果:
- 在9.1% (117/1,283) 的参与者中检测到肺炎球菌携带者.
- 运输与暴露在5岁以下的儿童 (OR=1.45) 和家庭过度拥挤 (OR=1.48至2.84) 相关.
- 过度拥挤独立预测运输即使没有儿童暴露 (OR=2.05) 并与较高的肺炎球菌密度相关.
结论:
- 对幼儿的暴露和家庭过度拥挤是成年农场工人肺炎球菌携带的重要风险因素.
- 研究结果表明,肺炎球菌的传播在过度拥挤的环境中独立地发生在成年人中,而不仅仅来自儿童.
- 针对在成年人聚集的环境中传播的干预措施可能是必要的,以减少肺炎球菌疾病的负担.
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