在MAFLD患者肝细胞癌的流行病学,病理生理学和临床方面
Maria Eva Argenziano1,2, Mi Na Kim3,4,5, Michele Montori1
1Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Emergency Digestive Endoscopy, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126,, Ancona, Italy.
Hepatology international
|July 16, 2024
概括
代谢相关的脂肪肝疾病 (MAFLD) 现在是肝癌 (HCC) 的主要原因之一. 早期检测和生活方式的改变是管理MAFLD相关的HCC的关键,提供更好的生存率.
科学领域:
- 肝病学和瘤学 肝病学和瘤学
- 代谢障碍 代谢障碍 代谢障碍
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 代谢相关的脂肪肝疾病 (MAFLD) 越来越被认为是肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的主要驱动因素,从传统的病毒病因转变.
- 全球范围内MAFLD的患病率很高 (38.77%),与肥胖率的上升密切相关,并以肝硬化和代谢失调为特征.
- 病理生理学涉及葡萄糖/脂质代谢受损,炎症,氧化应激,以及肠道微生物群和遗传因素的贡献.
研究的目的:
- 在代谢相关脂肪肝疾病 (MAFLD) 的背景下,审查肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的流行病学趋势,病理生理学,诊断挑战和治疗策略.
- 强调HCC病因学转向代谢性疾病的转变,并讨论目前和新兴的诊断,治疗和预防方法.
- 探索预后因素和潜在的生物标志物,以便早期检测MAFLD相关的HCC.
主要方法:
- 对MAFLD和HCC患病率的流行病学数据的系统审查.
- 对将代谢失调与HCC发展联系起来的病理生理机制的分析.
- 评估当前的诊断方式 (成像,活检,AI) 和监测策略.
- 对治疗算法 (BCLC,手术,局部,全身疗法) 和化疗预防措施的审查.
- 评估新出现的生物标志物和预后因素.
主要成果:
- MAFLD是HCC的主要和不断增长的原因,由全球肥胖趋势驱动.
- 由于默默呈现,MAFLD-HCC的早期诊断具有挑战性;非肝硬化患者的监测仍在讨论中.
- 治疗策略以分期算法为指导,对治疗的反应各不相同;免疫疗法在MAFLD-HCC中表现不那么有前途.
- 生活方式干预和化疗预防 (阿司匹林,甲福林,他类药物) 对于初级预防至关重要.
- MAFLD-HCC患者可能会经历延长的生存期,具有有前途的诊断和表观遗传学标志物用于早期检测.
结论:
- MAFLD代表了HCC显著且日益增长的病因,需要量身定制的诊断和治疗方法.
- 通过先进的生物标志物和有效的监测策略进行早期检测对于改善MAFLD-HCC的结果至关重要.
- 改变生活方式和化疗预防为高危人群中初级HCC预防提供了有希望的途径.
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