在乌干达农村地区,按性别和艾滋病毒状况分类的酒精使用率
Adriane Wynn1, Katelyn M Sileo2, Katherine Schmarje Crockett3,4
1Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 16, 2024
概括
在乌干达农村的男性和艾滋病毒感染者中,有害的酒精使用更为普遍. 然而,女性新诊断的艾滋病毒与有害的酒精使用密切相关,需要针对性别的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 酒精消费是一个重大的全球健康负担,乌干达的人均消费率很高.
- 虽然女性在全球范围内饮酒量低于男性,但她们在饮酒时面临着患抑郁症,亲密伴侣暴力和艾滋病毒等并发症的风险.
- 这项研究调查了乌干达农村地区男性和女性的酒精使用模式和有害使用的相关性,考虑了艾滋病毒状态.
研究的目的:
- 确定乌干达农村地区不同程度的酒精使用率.
- 根据性别和艾滋病毒状况分层识别与有害酒精使用相关的因素.
- 探索新的艾滋病毒诊断和女性有害酒精使用之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项采用乌干达中部农村地区18460名参与者 (男性和女性15-59岁) 的数据进行的横截面研究 (2017年11月至2020年12月).
- 酒精使用水平使用AUDIT-C问卷进行评估,并分为没有,低,中,高和非常高的使用.
- 采用多变量逻辑回归模型,根据性别和艾滋病毒状况分析有害酒精使用的相关性.
主要成果:
- 67%的参与者报告没有使用酒精;男性比女性更有可能报告使用酒精 (p<0.0001).
- 与艾滋病毒阴性个体相比,被诊断出艾滋病毒的个体更有可能报告更高水平的酒精使用 (p<0.0001).
- 在女性中新确诊的艾滋病毒与有害酒精使用的可能性增加有关,这种相关性在男性中没有观察到.
结论:
- 在乌干达,男性和艾滋病毒感染者更常见地饮酒.
- 在新的艾滋病毒诊断和有害的酒精使用之间存在显著的关联,特别是在女性中.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以了解与女性饮酒相关的艾滋病毒感染风险,并为饮酒和艾滋病毒护理联系开发性别敏感的服务.
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