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相关概念视频

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

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Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
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Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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相关实验视频

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Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
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新兴的基于血小板的药物输送系统正在出现.

Mengkun Fang1, Rui Liu1, Yile Fang1

  • 1Department of haematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
|July 16, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

血小板为药物输送提供了一个有前途的解决方案,克服了工程纳米粒子的局限性. 本综述探讨了各种基于血小板的系统,以提高治疗向性和减少副作用.

关键词:
药物输送系统是药物输送系统.基因工程是一种基因工程.膜膜是一种膜.血小板 血小板 血小板 血小板 血小板瘤是一个瘤.

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科学领域:

  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
  • 纳米技术 纳米技术
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 工程纳米粒子在向药物输送方面面临挑战,包括毒性和免疫性.
  • 活细胞,特别是血小板,具有天生的向和最小的不良影响,使它们成为有吸引力的药物载体.
  • 血小板参与血液静止,炎症和瘤进展,突出显示了它们的治疗潜力.

研究的目的:

  • 审查目前基于血小板的药物输送系统的进展.
  • 突出利用血小板作为药物载体的各种策略.
  • 讨论这些系统在不同治疗领域的潜在应用.

主要方法:

  • 对基于血小板的药物输送现有文献的审查.
  • 方法的分类,包括血小板膜工程,涂层和细胞质负荷.
  • 包括基因工程和合成/人工血小板方法.

主要成果:

  • 与传统的纳米粒子相比,基于血小板的系统表现出更好的向.
  • 不同的方法为药物封装和释放提供了明显的优势.
  • 工程血小板显示出在疾病治疗中的各种应用的潜力.

结论:

  • 基于血小板的药物输送系统为克服当前局限性提供了一个可行的替代方案.
  • 对血小板工程和合成血小板的进一步研究可以打开新的治疗途径.
  • 这些系统在各个医疗领域具有针对性和有效的药物输送的巨大潜力.