阿尔茨海默病的神经精神病症状概况及其与功能衰退的关系
Carolyn W Zhu1, Lon S Schneider2, Gregory A Elder3
1Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine (CWZ), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; James J Peters VA Medical Center (CWZ, GAE, HTG, CS, MS), Bronx, NY; Department of Psychiatry, (CWZ, GAE, LS, HTG, AA, CS, MS), Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
概括
在阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 中,冷漠是一种常见的神经精神症状 (NPS),显著加快功能衰退. 早期识别和管理冷漠和其他NPS对于维持AD患者的功能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 神经精神症状 (NPS) 在阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 中显著影响功能衰退.
- 了解个体NPS的纵向过程及其与功能的关系对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 这项研究调查了各种NPS对一大群患有轻度认知障碍或AD的个体的功能衰退的独特贡献.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定个别NPS对功能衰退速度的相对影响.
- 为了确定哪些NPS与随着时间的推移功能恶化最强烈相关.
- 为了向临床实践提供有关AD非认知症状的评估和管理的信息.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究涉及9358名被诊断患有轻度认知障碍或AD的参与者.
- 用功能评估问卷 (FAQ) 来评估功能.
- 同时评估了七种常见的行为症状 (冷漠退出,抑郁情绪,幻觉,妄想,失禁,易怒,激动).
主要成果:
- 漠不关心是最普遍和最持久的NPS,在63.7%的访问中存在,在36.7%的参与者中≥50%的访问中存在.
- 无动于衷与功能衰退的更快速度有很强的相关性,间歇性和持续性无动于衷显著恶化了基线FAQ得分,并加速了衰退.
- 其他症状如兴奋,妄想和幻觉也与功能下降相关,但与冷漠相比,效果大小较小.
结论:
- 个别的NPS,特别是冷漠,是跟踪阿尔茨海默病功能变化的敏感指标.
- 这些发现强调了对阿尔茨海默病患者功能衰退的综合评估的必要性,重点关注非认知症状.
- 针对像冷漠一样的NPS可能是一个可行的策略,以减轻AD的功能障碍.
相关概念视频
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
456
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
456
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
172
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
172
01:30Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
48
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
48
01:30Dementia
110
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
110
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
517
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
517
01:37Neural Regulation
39.2K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.2K