一个新的护理模式,为儿童患者的发展障碍和相关的担忧行为
Daryl Efron1,2,3, James Fowler1,4, Emily Cull1
1Health Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of paediatrics and child health
|July 17, 2024
概括
针对患有自闭症谱系障碍和/或智力障碍的儿童的新护理模式显著减少了急诊室的重新呈现. 这种方法为家庭提供了宝贵的支持,改善了他们的经验,减少了面向危机的寻求帮助.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 行为健康服务 行为健康服务
背景情况:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和/或智力障碍 (ID) 的儿童和青少年经常出现在急诊室,因为他们的行为令人担忧,包括易怒,侵略和自我伤害行为.
- 这些表现往往表明未得到满足的需求,并可能导致重复访问急诊室,使医疗保健资源和家庭福祉受到压力.
研究的目的:
- 设计,实施和评估一种旨在支持ASD和/或ID的儿童和青少年及其家属在急诊室呈现后的新型护理模式.
- 主要目标是减少因令人担忧的行为而重新提交紧急服务部门的比例.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的护理模式,包括与发育儿科医生和儿童精神病学家的咨询,转诊专业行为服务,以及临床护士顾问为期6周的护理协调.
- 一个质量改进框架,利用计划-做-研究-行动周期,引导对模型的代改进.
- 代表率与对照组进行了比较. 从参与的家庭和临床医生收集了定性反,通过在入学后2周和6周的调查.
主要成果:
- 31个家庭参与了这项研究.
- 该模型显示,与对照组相比,复发率显著下降:在3个月后下降48.7%,在6个月后下降36.3%.
- 家庭和临床医生的定性反是积极的,表明该模型是可行的,可以接受的,有帮助的,家庭感到被倾听和支持.
结论:
- 一个简单的护理模式可以有效地实施,以支持有关注行为的儿童和青少年.
- 这种模式为家庭提供了有意义的好处,包括减少以危机为导向的寻求帮助和改善整体支持.
- 这些发现支持将这种专业护理协调纳入这个弱势群体的常规实践.
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