含的修正案的无效性,以减少Pb在城市性土壤中的生物可访问性
Loryssa Lake1,2, Nicholas Basta1,2
1School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Journal of environmental quality
|July 17, 2024
概括
修正案没有有效地减少受污染的城市土壤中的 (Pb). 在推这些治疗方法以减轻暴露之前,进一步进行特定地点的测试至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 城市土壤由于人为活动造成的 (Pb) 污染,对人类健康构成重大风险.
- 降低住宅土壤选标准需要基于风险的创新修复策略.
- 研究 (P) 修正案,以隔离土壤并减少暴露.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种含 (P) 的土壤修改剂在减少污染的城市土壤中的 (Pb) 生物可访问性的有效性.
- 评估P修正案作为城市污染的经济有效的整治策略.
- 确定P修改是否可以成为减轻暴露风险的可行解决方案.
主要方法:
- 四个含有P的来源 (生物固体焚烧炉灰,家禽垃圾,生物固体堆肥,三重超酸盐) 用作土壤修饰.
- 污染的城市土壤被以特定的摩尔比率 (1:5 和 1:10 Pb:P) 用P修正剂处理,并化3个月.
- 使用美国环保署方法1340和基于生理的提取试验 (PBET) 在不同时间点 (1个月和3个月) 测量了的生物可访问性.
主要成果:
- 含P的修正案在减少体外生物可访问 (IVBA Pb) 方面普遍无效.
- 不同的P源,化时间或提取方法之间没有观察到Pb生物可访问性的显著减少.
- 批量平衡分析也表明,测试的P修改缺乏有效性.
结论:
- 在本研究中,含的修改物不适合修复污染的城市土壤.
- 在实施城市土壤整治P修正案之前,对特定地点进行有效性测试是必不可少的.
- 目前的发现表明,可能需要采用替代策略来应对城市环境中的暴露.
相关概念视频
The Phosphorus Cycle
36.6K
Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
36.6K
Factors Affecting Solubility
33.4K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
33.4K
Extraction: Advanced Methods
438
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
438
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
837
Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
837


