橄球运动员的相对加速和最大速度根据年龄类别和比赛位置
Santiago Zabaloy1,2, Tomás T Freitas3,4,5, Pedro E Alcaraz3
1Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Flores, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Journal of strength and conditioning research
|July 17, 2024
概括
年轻的橄球运动员的加速时间常数 (τ) 比年长的运动员要低,无论他们的位置如何. 这一发现为优化基于年龄相关绩效指标的橄球冲刺训练计划提供了见解.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动 人类运动
背景情况:
- 了解冲刺力学对于橄球的表现至关重要.
- 加速时间常数 (τ) 和最大速度 (Vmax) 是冲刺表现的关键决定因素.
- 这些指标在青少年和成年橄球运动员中的可靠性和应用需要进一步的研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估加速度时间常数 (τ) 和衍生措施的内测可靠性.
- 分析t和Vmax对40米冲刺表现的影响.
- 为了比较不同年龄类别和不同位置的橄球运动员之间的冲刺相关结果.
主要方法:
- 300名男子橄球运动员被分为四个年龄类别:U14,U16,U18和老年人.
- 评估了加速度时间常数 (τ) 和最大速度 (Vmax) 的内段可靠性.
- 分析了与年龄类别和比赛位置相关的冲刺表现指标.
主要成果:
- 所有测量参数都表现出良好的至极好的可靠性 (ICC>0.75,CV <9.0%).
- 较年轻的球员 (U14,U16) 与较老的球员 (U18,老年人) 相比显示出明显较低的t值,不论在何种位置 (中等到大效应大小,p < 0.02).
- 加速时间常数 (τ) 与各种冲刺性能指标 (Rho:小到几乎完美,p < 0.001) 有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 年轻的橄球运动员表现出较低的加速度时间常数 (τ),而不是他们的老同行.
- 这些发现突出了与橄球相关的冲刺力学与年龄相关的差异.
- 该研究为评估冲刺表现提供了一种经过验证的模型,为为橄球运动员开发有针对性的训练计划提供了宝贵的见解.
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