协同囊的 oogenesis - 修改或偏离胚胎细胞囊范式?
Malgorzata Kloc1,2,3
1Transplant Immunology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
The International journal of developmental biology
|July 17, 2024
概括
不寻常的细胞结构,如coenocytes,无细胞融合的多核细胞,在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中发现. 这项研究比较了衣动物的基于coenocyte的 oogenesis 与其他繁殖策略和相关的细胞结构.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 动物学 动物学
背景情况:
- 不寻常的细胞结构,包括共细胞和细胞内细胞形成,存在于各种物种中.
- 协同细胞是通过核分裂而形成的多核细胞,而不是细胞分裂 (细胞动力学),不同于syncytia.
- 生殖系共细胞 (共囊细胞) 很少见,而 oogenesis 通常发生在通过环通道连接的囊细胞组中.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较和对比基于囊细胞和基于囊的 oogenesis.
- 探索生殖系共囊细胞和体内共囊细胞之间的相似之处,例如在Drosophila.
- 讨论非正统的细胞内细胞结构及其与细胞的关系.
主要方法:
- 细胞结构和发育过程的比较分析.
- 在各种物种中对 oogenesis 和 coenocyte 形成的文献综述.
- 不同细胞类型的细胞学和分子比较.
主要成果:
- 长袍动物中的生殖系共细胞与Drosophila的体质共细胞具有共同的特征.
- 协同细胞的 oogenesis 提供了一个更常见的囊胞基模型的替代方案.
- 细胞内细胞结构虽然有趣,但与共细胞细胞不同.
结论:
- 协同细胞的 oogenesis 是一个意想不到但令人着迷的生殖战略.
- 了解coenocytes提供了关于细胞分化和发育可塑性的见解.
- 进一步研究罕见的细胞结构,如囊和细胞内的细胞现象是有必要的.
相关概念视频
Oogenesis
63.6K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
63.6K
Folliculogenesis
698
Folliculogenesis is the development of ovarian follicles, the specialized structures within the ovarian cortex where oogenesis, or egg development, occurs. This process is essential for female reproductive health and begins during fetal development when primordial follicles are formed. Each primordial follicle comprises a primary oocyte in the center, surrounded by a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. These follicles remain dormant in late prophase I of meiosis until triggered by...
698
Nondisjunction
3.8K
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers. Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis. Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
3.8K
Ovarian Cycle
1.1K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
1.1K
Meiosis I
40.4K
Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
40.4K
Meiosis II
45.4K
Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
45.4K


