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从步枪和手枪射击中产生的气体和颗粒物排放
Johanna Aurell1, Amara L Holder1, Brian K Gullett1
1US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (E343-04), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Journal of hazardous materials
|July 17, 2024
概括
发射M4卡宾和M9手枪等武器会释放有害的排放物,包括一氧化碳和可吸入颗粒. 需要进一步评估以确定这些射击场污染物的潜在健康危害.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 枪支使用产生复杂的排放,在室内射程中构成潜在风险.
- 了解这些排放的组成和特征对于暴露评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发枪支排放的采样方法.
- 评估火射场的潜在暴露和污染问题.
- 为了描述M4卡宾和M9手枪射击中的空气污染物.
主要方法:
- 从M4手枪 (M855A1弹药) 和M9手枪 (9毫米XM1152弹药) 中采集尾和口头排放的样本.
- 对气体 (CO,CO2,CH4,HCN,NH3),多环芳和挥发性有机物排放的分析.
- 颗粒物根据大小,元素组成,碳组成和形态学的表征.
主要成果:
- 排放度显示了CO/CO2比率,表明碳氧化不完全.
- 最初的粒子大小分布由40nm以下的粒子占主导地位,迅速聚集.
- 检测到大量的一氧化碳和可吸入大小的金属.
结论:
- 枪支排放含有大量的一氧化碳和可吸入金属.
- 需要进一步评估以确定吸入的健康危害,特别是在室内射击场.
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