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2020年意大利因吸烟导致的癌症
Giulia Collatuzzo1, Matteo Malvezzi2, Silvia Mangiaterra1
1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Cancer epidemiology
|July 17, 2024
概括
烟草吸烟在意大利显著导致癌症,在男性和女性中造成大量的肺癌,喉癌和膀癌. 有效的烟草控制政策对于减轻这一负担至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 烟草吸烟在意大利仍然很普遍,造成全球癌症风险很大.
- 估计意大利的吸烟相关癌症负担对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化意大利与烟草吸烟相关的各种癌症的人口可归因分数 (PAF).
- 评估目前吸烟,以前吸烟和二手烟 (SHS) 对癌症发病率和死亡率的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用反事实方法,假设从不吸烟的人群来计算PAF.
- 包括来自大规模研究和国家调查的相对风险估计和暴露患病率数据.
- 考虑了20年的延迟期,并使用了癌症登记处的发病率 (2020) 和死亡率 (2017) 的数据.
主要成果:
- 吸烟与高百分比的肺癌 (90.0%的男性,58.3%的女性),喉癌 (67.8%的男性,53.5%的女性) 和膀癌 (47.0%的男性,32.2%的女性) 有关.
- 总体而言,吸烟占意大利17.3%的癌症病例和24.5%的癌症死亡人数.
- 在与吸烟者结婚的从未吸烟的妇女中,二手烟 (SHS) 导致了13.0%的肺癌病例.
结论:
- 烟草吸烟是意大利男性和女性癌症的主要驱动因素.
- 这些发现强调迫切需要强有力的烟草控制政策,以减轻癌症发病率和死亡率.
- 公共卫生战略应针对主动吸烟和被动吸烟,以减少整体癌症负担.
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