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天体细胞需要围神经网络来维持突触平衡在小鼠中

Bhanu P Tewari¹, AnnaLin M Woo¹, Courtney E Prim¹

¹Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Nature neuroscience

|July 17, 2024

概括

周神经网络 (PNN) 和星球细胞在皮层孔内形成三方突触,调节神经信号传递. PNN降解会损害这种功能,影响诸如阿尔茨海默氏症和等大脑疾病.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
细胞生物学细胞生物学
细胞外矩阵研究细胞外矩阵研究

背景情况:

围神经网络 (PNN) 是细胞外矩阵,覆盖着快速升的抑制神经元.
PNN在稳定突触和调节突触可塑性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.

研究的目的:

研究成年小鼠体感皮层中PNN,星细胞和突触之间的结构和功能关系.
阐明PNN和星细胞在调节突触传输中的作用及其在神经系统疾病中的变化.

主要方法:

免疫组织化学和高分辨率显微镜可可视化PNN,突触和天体细胞组成部分.
分析PNN降解模型和阿尔茨海默病和的小鼠模型.

主要成果:

快速激增内神经元的突触终端位于PNN中的特定孔内.
这些PNN洞含有三方突触,包括表达Kir4.1,谷氨酸和GABA载体的天体细胞过程.
PNN降解导致天体细胞覆盖的改变和酸盐和的吸收受损,导致突触性酸盐泄漏.
在阿尔茨海默氏病和模型中观察到PNN和天体细胞-神经元相互作用的破坏.

结论:

在生理条件下,PNN和星体细胞合作保持突触信号制.
PNN和星球细胞的协调功能对于正常的大脑功能至关重要,在神经疾病中受到损害.

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