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Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
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Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
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这种药物会使人脑失调.

Joshua S Siegel1, Subha Subramanian2, Demetrius Perry3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. jssiegel@wustl.edu.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

单剂量西会迅速影响大脑连接, 破坏网络并可能带来治疗效果. 这些变化, 特别是在默认模式的网络, 持续数周,

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学
  • 心理药理学
  • 神经成像

背景情况:

  • 在人类中具有快速治疗效果, 在动物中引起神经可塑性.
  • 大脑网络变化与迷幻药的长期影响之间的关系尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 通过纵向功能映射来研究在施用psilocybin后个体特异性的脑网络变化.
  • 这些大脑变化与主观经验相关联, 并评估它们的持续性.

主要方法:

  • 在高剂量psilocybin (25 mg) 和methylphenidate (40 mg) 服用前,服用期间和服用后3周内对健康成年人进行长度精确功能映射 (fMRI).
  • 评估功能连接 (FC) 变化,网络区别,以及前海马和默认模式网络之间的连接.
  • 追踪参与者6至12个月,以获得第二剂psilocybin,并评估持续效应.

主要成果:

  • 这种药物对皮质和皮质下功能连接造成了显著的,与剂量相关的干扰,超过了甲基酸的作用.
  • 大脑失同减少了网络区别, 默认模式网络的变化最明显.
  • 个人CF变化与主观迷幻体验相关.
  • 在施用psilocybin后的几周内,观察到前海马和默认模式网络之间的FC持续下降.

结论:

  • 这种药物会严重破坏大脑的功能连接,
  • 持续减少海马-默认模式的网络连接可能是迷幻药物治疗潜力的基础.
  • 每个人的脑反应与主观效应有关,这表明个性化治疗机制.