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开发一种活体减弱疫苗候选剂,用于对抗马匹阿尔法疹病毒1:迈向有效保护的一步

Yue Hu^1,2, Guiling Wu³, Qinrui Jia¹

¹Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.

Frontiers in immunology

|July 18, 2024

概括

一种新的马匹αherpesvirus 1 (EqAHV1) 候选疫苗, ΔUL24/TK/gp2,在预防感染方面显示出希望,并允许区分受感染和接种疫苗的动物 (DIVA). 这种活体减弱EqAHV1疫苗为马提供了更好的保护和安全.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
马类传染病马类传染病
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

马类疹病毒1 (EqAHV1) 导致马的健康问题很大,包括呼吸道和神经系统疾病.
目前的EqAHV1疫苗缺乏完整的保护,需要对感染和接种疫苗的动物进行区分 (DIVA) 战略.
糖蛋白2 (gp2) 是DIVA策略的潜在标记物,因为它具有很高的抗原性.

研究的目的:

为疫苗开发设计和评估EqAHV1突变体.
评估减弱EqAHV1菌株的安全性,有效性和DIVA潜力.
为了确定用于马类的活体减弱EqAHV1疫苗候选人.

主要方法:

在gp2和其他毒性基因 (TK,UL24,gI/gE) 中缺失的工程EqAHV1突变.
评估了黄金叙利亚仓鼠的体外病毒生长和体内病原性.
疫苗接种后评估免疫反应和对野生型EqAHV1挑战的保护.
开发并完善了gp2的ELISA,使得DIVA.

主要成果:

突变型 ΔTK/gp2 和 ΔUL24/TK/gp2 显示病原性降低,并诱导了子的强烈免疫反应.
与 ΔTK/gp2.2 相比,ΔUL24/TK/gp2 疫苗提供了针对野生型 EqAHV1 挑战的增强保护.
基于gp2的ELISA成功地将感染者与接种疫苗的动物区分开来.

结论:

EqAHV1 ΔUL24/TK/gp2菌株是一个安全有效的活体减弱疫苗候选人.
这种候选疫苗与gp2 ELISA结合,为EqAHV1控制提供了可行的DIVA策略.
该疫苗的进一步开发可以显著改善马群中EqAHV1的预防和管理.

关键词:

通过CRISPR-Cas9进行基因组编辑.马匹的阿尔法赫尔佩斯病毒1 金色的叙利亚仓鼠模型.免疫反应的免疫反应.活体减弱疫苗的使用病原性是一种病原性.

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