食物过敏流行病学和种族和/或种族差异
Jialing Jiang1, Christopher M Warren1,2, Rebekah L Browning3
1From the Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
Journal of food allergy
|July 18, 2024
概括
免疫球蛋白E (IgE) 介导的食物过敏的患病率正在上升,影响儿童和成人. 新兴研究强调了早期食品引入和微生物群多样性等因素在管理和预防食物过敏方面.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 免疫球蛋白E (IgE) 介导的食物过敏是一种日益严重的公共卫生问题,儿童和成人人口中患病率越来越高.
- 最近的数据显示,成年人开始和持续的儿童食物过敏的增加,同时增加了对食物诱导的过敏反应的医疗保健利用率.
- 流行病学数据显示,食物过敏负担存在差异,在西方国家流行率更高,对非白人和移民人口的影响不成比例.
研究的目的:
- 分析IgE介导的食物过敏的趋势和分布.
- 探索影响食物过敏发展和患病率的潜在病因因素.
- 为食品过敏的临床管理,治疗和预防策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对横截面流行率研究的综述.
- 对医疗保健利用记录的分析.
- 检查队列研究数据和自我报告的健康信息.
主要成果:
- 食物过敏越来越普遍和严重,影响儿童和成人,成人发病病例显著增加.
- 对食物过敏,特别是过敏反应的医疗保健利用正在增加.
- 流行率在西方国家最高,并在种族/族群中显示异质性.
结论:
- 了解食物过敏的流行病学和分布对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 诸如早期引入过敏原,减少皮肤暴露,微生物群多样性和与环境过敏原的交叉反应等因素可能会影响食物过敏风险.
- 对这些因素的进一步研究可以为日益增长的食物过敏负担提供更好的预防和治疗策略.
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