根据2021年日本透析注册表的数据,新冠病毒病2019年疫苗接种的有效性
Yuka Sugawara1, Masao Iwagami2, Kan Kikuchi3
1Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)
|July 18, 2024
概括
在接受血液透析的日本患者中,COVID-19疫苗接种显著降低了感染和死亡率. 这项大规模的研究证实了疫苗的有效性.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 关于日本透析患者COVID-19疫苗有效性的大规模数据有限.
- 血液透析患者是一个脆弱的人群,免疫反应可能发生变化.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19疫苗接种与日本血液透析患者感染或死亡之间的关联.
- 评估COVID-19疫苗在这个高风险群体中的实际有效性.
主要方法:
- 利用日本透析治疗协会脏数据注册 (JRDR) 的数据,覆盖约95%的日本透析患者.
- 根据2021年4月的疫苗接种状态 (时间更新) 分析了COVID-19感染发生率和死亡率.
- 估计的几率比率 (OR) 将接种疫苗与未接种疫苗的患者进行比较,根据年龄,性别,病史和实验室结果进行调整.
主要成果:
- 分析包括超过228,000名患者;在接种疫苗的人群中观察到COVID-19感染的显著减少 (例如,2021年9月aOR:0.25 [0.18-0.36]).
- 在接种疫苗的患者中,与COVID-19相关的死亡风险明显较低 (例如,2021年9月aOR:0.04 [0.01-0.11]).
- 对混因素的调整对这些保护性协会的影响最小.
结论:
- 第一个或第二个COVID-19疫苗剂量在降低日本血液透析患者的感染和死亡率方面表现出显著的有效性.
- 研究结果支持在这个弱势群体中广泛使用COVID-19疫苗.
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