思想理论的早期关系起源:一个两项研究的复制
Grazyna Kochanska1, Lilly Bendel-Stenzel1, Danming An2
1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
概括
婴儿时期的家长思维 (MM) 预测了孩子们在4.5岁时的思维理论 (ToM),由幼儿时期的相互响应导向 (MRO) 介导,对于父亲和一些母亲-孩子双. 这突显了儿童发育中的早期关系因素.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 家庭研究 家庭研究
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 早期的关系因素,如父母的思维意识 (MM) 和相互响应导向 (MRO),与儿童的思维理论 (ToM) 有关.
- 这些因素的纵向进展及其在父子关系中的作用仍未得到充分研究.
- 这项研究调查了从婴儿期到学龄前儿童的发育路径.
研究的目的:
- 测试一个发展路径,从婴儿时期的父母MM到幼儿时期的父母-孩子MRO到学龄前儿童的ToM.
- 在母子关系和父子关系中检查这一途径.
- 在平行发育年龄段使用可比的观测措施.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项涉及社区家庭的纵向研究 (CAPS和FS).
- 数据是在多个时间点收集的:婴儿时期 (8-7个月),幼儿时期 (38个月) 和学前阶段 (52个月).
- 评估了家长的MM,MRO和儿童的ToM,使用观察措施和错误信念任务.
主要成果:
- 父母MM间接预测孩子的ToM通过MRO在两个研究中的父亲和CAPS研究中的母亲.
- 在FS研究中,母亲的MM预测了MRO和ToM,但通过MRO的间接影响并不显著.
- 研究结果支持MRO在ToM发展中的调解作用,特别是在父子关系中.
结论:
- 该研究提供了从MM到MRO到ToM的途径在母子关系和父子关系中的纵向证据.
- 这种综合模型推进了理解,超越了单独检查这些构造之间的关系的研究.
- 这些发现强调了早期亲子互动对社会认知发展的重要性.
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