注意说明:奖励线索首先是喜欢的,后来想要的
Nicoleta Prutean1, Luc Vermeylen2, Nanne Kukkonen1
1Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Cognition
|July 18, 2024
概括
精神努力投资以预期的回报与困难为指导. 这项研究表明,即使是独立于任务经验的指导期望,也会积极影响奖励提示评估并提高绩效.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 决策方式 决策方式
背景情况:
- 理论上,精神努力是根据成本效益分析分配的,预期的回报必须超过任务成本.
- 目前尚不清楚奖励和困难线索是否基于这种动机方面进行评估,以及任务经验是否影响了这一评估.
研究的目的:
- 调查奖励和困难线索的情感评估是否受到预期结果的调节.
- 确定任务经验在塑造这些提示评估中的作用.
- 检查暗示评估和精神努力投资之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 该研究使用了影响错误归因程序 (AMP) 来评估对预测不同奖励和难度水平的非词语线索的情感评估.
- 参与者 (N=84) 在基线时接受AMP,在提示指示后,并在执行随机点运动 (RDM) 任务后进行AMP.
- 测量了RDM任务的表现,以评估暗示评估对精神努力的影响.
主要成果:
- 预测更高奖励的线索在初始指令后被评价得更为积极,这种效应在任务经验后仍然存在.
- 这种对奖励线索的积极评价与在RDM任务中的更好的表现相关.
- 通过AMP捕获的情感评估反映了业绩预期,独立于实际任务经验.
结论:
- 关于奖励和困难的指导期望显著影响预测线索的情感评估.
- 这些期望在随后的精神努力投资中起着至关重要的作用,甚至在任务经验之前.
- 影响错误归因程序效应可以反映业绩预期,提供对有动机的决策的见解.
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