随机间隔强化计划影响大鼠对可卡因的惩罚抵抗力
Bradley O Jones1, Haley F Spencer2, Adelis M Cruz2
1Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, TAMU 3474, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Neurobiology of learning and memory
|July 18, 2024
概括
与随机比率计划相比,随机间隔计划在老鼠中增加了对可卡因和寻找食物的惩罚的抵抗力. 这表明,强化计划影响了持续的药物使用和寻求奖励的行为,尽管有负面的后果.
科学领域:
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 成的动物模型成的动物模型
- 强化学习是一种强化学习.
背景情况:
- 强迫性药物使用的特点是,尽管有负面后果,但仍然持续寻找物质.
- 通常与强迫性药物使用相关的习惯性行为,即使在预期目标导向控制时也可能持续存在.
- 众所周知,强化计划,如随机比率 (RR) 和随机间隔 (RI),会影响目标导向与习惯性反应的发展.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同的强化计划 (RR20与RI60) 在强迫性药物使用的动物模型中如何影响惩罚抵抗力.
- 为了确定RR和RI时间表对惩罚抵抗力的影响,可卡因和食物奖励之间是否有差异.
- 根据RR和RI计划,研究惩罚对响应率和奖励率的影响.
主要方法:
- 雄性和雌性Sprague Dawley大鼠被训练自行使用可卡因或食物,使用链接的寻求-获取时间表.
- 在随机比率20 (RR20) 或随机间隔60 (RI60) 计划下,寻求反应得到加强.
- 惩罚测试包括在寻找阶段给予足震后果,测试在四天内进行.
主要成果:
- 在雄性和雌性大鼠中,RI60计划导致了与RR20计划相比,寻求可卡因的惩罚性更强.
- 对于寻找食物,RI60时间表导致雌性大鼠的惩罚抵抗力更大,而雄性大鼠在两个时间表下都表现出抵抗力.
- 在RI60时间表下,寻求答案被压制的比奖励率更多,而不是RR20时间表,两者都被同样压制.
结论:
- 强化计划显著影响动物对寻找药物和食物的惩罚的抵抗力.
- 随机间隔60时间表与随机比率20时间表相比,促进了更大的惩罚抵抗力.
- 这些发现突出了强化计划在行为持续的作用,尽管不利的结果,相关的理解强迫性药物使用.
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