基因型对妊娠期热环境相互作用及其对热带复合肉牛后代未来表现的影响
Matheus Gomes Rodrigues Cardoso1, Annaiza Braga Bignardi1, Rodrigo Junqueira Pereira1
1Grupo de Melhoramento Animal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, MT, 78736-900, Brazil.
Journal of animal science
|July 19, 2024
概括
全球变暖对热带地区的肉牛构成挑战. 妊娠期间的热应激会对后代的表现产生负面影响,需要考虑基因型与环境相互作用的育种策略.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 热带肉牛因全球变暖而面临越来越多的挑战,包括热应激,有限的资源和疾病.
- 怀孕期间母亲对环境因素的生理反应会对后代的发育和生产力产生持久的影响.
- 了解基因型与环境相互作用 (G×Eg) 对于在气候变化中有效的育种计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估妊娠期热应激对热带复合牛肉类牛的后续表现的影响.
- 调查G×Eg在选择中的关键生产和生殖特征.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自58个巴西农场的157,414只动物的数据.
- 在怀孕的最后40天内计算的平均温度-湿度指数 (THIg).
- 应用回归和反应规范模型来评估不同THIg水平的特征性能和遗传性.
主要成果:
- 妊娠期间THIg的增加对所有评估的特征产生了不利影响 (出生体重,断奶前的增加,年龄体重,部高度,阴囊周长,第一个分娩的几天).
- 对特征的遗传概率估计与THIg不同,表明对热环境的基因反应差异.
- 高THIg和低THIg之间的低遗传相关性,例如年龄的体重和第一个分娩的几天,表明动物可能会重新排名.
结论:
- 孕期热应激显著影响肉牛后代的长期表现.
- 育种策略必须纳入G×Eg,以优化热带环境中的选择决策.
- 像天到第一次分娩这样的特征对热应激特别敏感,需要在育种计划中仔细考虑.
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