量化农村和城市地区COVID-19疫苗接种率的差异:跨部门观察研究
Wenyong Dong1, Yudong Miao2, Zhanlei Shen2
1Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
JMIR public health and surveillance
|July 19, 2024
概括
中国的第四次COVID-19疫苗增剂覆盖率非常低,特别是在农村地区. 提高自身有效性和对疫苗益处的认识是提高接种率的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 接种疫苗对于预防COVID-19和减少疾病严重程度至关重要.
- 城市和农村人口之间经常存在疫苗接种率的显著差异.
- 了解这些差异对于有效的公共卫生战略和未来的传染病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国的COVID-19 (第二次增剂) 疫苗接种覆盖率.
- 确定影响中国居民接种疫苗的因素.
- 分析疫苗接种率的城乡差异.
主要方法:
- 在中国多个不同地区进行分层随机抽样的横截面研究.
- 调查问卷收集了社会人口统计,健康,疫苗,保护性动机理论 (PMT) 和医疗保健信任数据.
- 二元物流回归和倾向得分匹配 (PSM) 分析了影响因素和城乡差异.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,COVID-19第二次疫苗接种率为12.18%,农村 (13.76%) 比城市 (10.99%) 高.
- 自我有效性,知识和信任等因素影响了农村疫苗接种; 城市因素包括慢性疾病和感染史.
- 倾向性得分匹配显示,疫苗接种率的城市和农村差异为3.42%.
结论:
- 在中国,第四次COVID-19疫苗增强剂的覆盖率令人担忧地低,低于以前的水平.
- 提高自我有效性对于增加整个人口的疫苗接种至关重要.
- 需要针对农村 (意识,健康状况) 和城市 (高风险群体) 人口制定有针对性的战略.
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