点击和技巧:在线说服的黑暗艺术
1Patrick Fagan University of the Arts London, United Kingdom.
Current opinion in psychology
|July 19, 2024
概括
数字可以操纵用户,成为像 FORCES (Frame, Obstruct, Ruse, Compel, Entangle, Seduce) 这样的黑暗模式. 虽然一些推动保护用户,但它们在行为干预中的整体有效性是不一致的.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 数字伦理 数字伦理
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 互联网采用了说服力技术,包括数字推动 (默认,摩擦,增强).
- 当缺乏透明度,用户选择或利益时,这些推动可以成为操纵性的"黑暗模式".
- 心理原则和秘密策略被利用来创建病毒式内容和在线制造的共识.
研究的目的:
- 用 FORCES 缩写词来分类和分析操纵性数字推动,称为"黑暗模式".
- 检查病毒内容和共识制造的心理原则的利用.
- 讨论说服力技术日益增强的力量和数字推动的双重潜力.
主要方法:
- 暗色图案的分类在缩写 FORCES 下: 框架, 阻碍, 诡计, 诱惑, 纠, 诱惑.
- 识别在数字说服中使用的心理原则 (例如,消极偏见,好奇心差距) 和隐蔽策略 (例如,星际旅行,元推).
- 讨论技术进步 (人工智能,虚拟现实) 放大说服技巧.
主要成果:
- 使用FORCES框架识别和分类黑暗模式.
- 心理学原则和秘密策略被积极利用来影响在线行为和意见.
- 技术进步有望提高说服力数字技术的有效性.
结论:
- 数字点击,当滥用时,构成黑暗的模式,可以操纵用户.
- 复杂的应用心理原则和秘密策略对在线完整性构成风险.
- 虽然数字推动可以达到利他主义的目的,但它们的行为影响是可变的,需要进行批判性评估.
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