密切关注电子废物中的离子电池以及通用水力金回收工艺的潜力
Johannes J M M van de Ven1, Yongxiang Yang1, Shoshan T Abrahami2
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
Scientific reports
|July 19, 2024
概括
混合离子电池 (LiBs) 的回收对于关键原材料回收至关重要. 这项研究分析了常见的LiB化学成分,发现过渡金属的氧化状态会影响回收过程中的黑质溶解.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 对离子电池 (LiB) 的需求不断增加,需要有效回收关键原材料 (CRM).
- 从消费电子产品中消耗的LiB通常被加工成黑质量 (BM) 用于材料回收.
- 开发能够处理混合LiB废物流的回收工艺是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 研究来自普通消费电子产品的LiB模块的结构和组成.
- 从各种LiBs中进行阴极活性材料 (CAM) 的表征.
- 研究黑质化学成分对浸出效率的影响,特别是过氧化度对关键金属溶解的影响.
主要方法:
- 将 LiB 模块拆分为组件组件 (外,阴极,阳极,分离器).
- 使用X射线衍射 (XRD),扫描电子显微镜 (SEM),能量分散X射线光谱 (EDX) 和诱导合等离子 - 光辐射光谱法 (ICP-OES) 进行CAM的表征.
- 使用硫酸和不同度的过氧化,对BM样本进行漏实验,然后进行氧化还原定位以确定H2O2消耗.
主要成果:
- 在特定的LiB化学物质 (NMC,LCO,LMO,LFP) 和它们的应用之间没有发现直接相关性.
- 即使在4体积%的H2O2下,也无法实现所有BM样本的完全溶解,这表明浸过程中的局限性.
- 不完全溶解的原因是黑质中存在过渡金属的氧化状态.
结论:
- 黑质中的过渡金属的化学成分,特别是氧化状态,极大地影响了水力金回收工艺的效率.
- 了解这些因素对于优化从混合LiB废物流中回收,,和等贵金属至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发更强大的回收策略,可以有效地处理消费电子产品中发现的各种化学物质.
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