相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 20, 2025
10:59
Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification
Published on: July 26, 2019
22.4K
非伴侣请求死后辅助生殖的伦理问题
Lisa Campo-Engelstein1, Anna Dean Pfeiffer2
1Department of Bioethics and Health Humanities, Institute for Bioethics & Health Humanities, School of Public and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555-1311, USA. licampoe@utmb.edu.
Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
|July 20, 2024
概括
对于非浪漫的伴侣来说,死后辅助生殖 (PAR) 的请求往往会被拒绝. 这篇论文认为,伦理政策应该包括多样化的家庭结构,而不仅仅是浪漫的情侣,以获得PAR.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 生殖医学 生殖医学
- 家庭研究 家庭研究
背景情况:
- 美国和欧洲的专业医学协会对死后辅助生殖 (PAR) 有指导方针.
- 这些指导方针一般反对在没有明确书面同意的情况下提出PAR请求.
- 对于幸存的浪漫伴侣来说,通常会做出例外,假定他们与死者共享共同的生殖项目.
研究的目的:
- 挑战目前PAR的伦理准则中关于联合生殖项目的狭定义.
- 倡导在PAR政策中纳入超越双人浪漫情侣的多样化家庭构成.
- 解决关于同意和结合生殖和家长项目的潜在反对意见.
主要方法:
- 分析现有的专业医学协会关于PAR的指导方针.
- 讨论替代家长项目,这些项目往往植根于女权主义和酷儿价值观.
- 检查有关死后生殖自主权和项目结合的伦理论点.
主要成果:
- 目前PAR的伦理政策是基于假设一个两个人的浪漫夫妇是理想的家庭单位.
- 这种假设不公正地排除了其他家庭构成进入PAR.
- 另类家庭结构,例如那些以女权主义和酷儿价值观为基础的家庭结构,表明生殖项目的可能性更广泛.
结论:
- 对PAR的伦理政策应该被扩大到涵盖超越浪漫伙伴关系的多样化家庭结构.
- 根据目前的指导方针,将非浪漫的家庭构成排除在PAR访问之外是有偏见和歧视的.
- 如果浪漫伴侣可以在没有书面同意的情况下寻求PAR,政策必须同样考虑其他家庭组建.
相关概念视频
01:56Ethics in Research
23.0K
Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
23.0K
01:59CRISPR
50.4K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
50.4K
01:08Cloning of Dolly the Sheep
3.4K
The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual, the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
3.4K
01:27Reproductive Cloning
30.3K
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
30.3K
01:29Non-nuclear Inheritance
21.5K
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
21.5K
01:03Altruism
41.0K
Altruistic behaviors are “unselfish” behaviors—those that help another individual at the expense of the individual carrying out the behavior. Despite the negative consequences for the altruistic animal, these behaviors are thought to have evolved for several reasons.
41.0K