从与母亲和父亲的依恋到青少年吸毒的纵向联系:内部化和外部化途径
Claudia Clinchard1, Kirby Deater-Deckard2,3, Brooks Casas1,4
1Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Developmental science
|July 20, 2024
概括
安全的父亲-青少年依恋是青少年心理健康和减少物质使用的关键. 对父亲的不安全依恋,而不是母亲,预测了更多的内化和外化症状,导致酒精使用增加.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 青少年发展 青少年发展
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 了解将青少年与成年人的依恋与物质使用联系在一起的途径至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全阐明母亲和父亲的依恋在青少年心理病理和物质使用中的不同作用.
- 内化和外化症状是发展性精神病理学中公认的调解者.
研究的目的:
- 调查青少年与母亲/父亲的依恋和物质使用之间的关系中,内化和外化症状的调解作用.
- 检查从青春期中期到年轻成人时期的纵向关联.
- 识别可能影响物质使用轨迹的特定依恋动态.
主要方法:
- 一项长度研究,对167名青少年进行了5个时间点 (年龄14~18岁) 的评估.
- 自我报告测量了对母亲和父亲的感知依恋,内化和外化症状,以及酒精使用.
- 使用统计调解分析来测试拟议的路径.
主要成果:
- 不太安全的青少年与父亲的依恋预测了内部化和外部化症状的增加.
- 增加的外部化症状预测了增加的酒精使用.
- 不太安全的青少年与父亲的依恋间接地通过外部化症状预测了更多的酒精使用,尽管没有直接的关联.
结论:
- 安全的父亲-青少年关系对于预防精神病理和物质使用至关重要.
- 针对青春期不安全的父亲-青少年依恋的干预措施可能会减轻年轻成年期的物质使用.
- 外化症状在从不安全的父亲依恋到酒精使用的途径中起着重要的调解作用.
相关概念视频
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity
49
Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
49
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
43.4K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
43.4K
Attachment
58
Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that...
58
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
163
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
163
Stress and Mental Health
96
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
96
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
51
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
51


