在非目标陆地生态系统中对农药的次致命暴露:从对个体的已知影响到对食用相互作用和网络功能的潜在后果
Axel Beringue1, Joséphine Queffelec2, Cécile Le Lann1
1Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR, 6553, Rennes, France.
Environmental research
|July 20, 2024
概括
低致死性农药暴露对非目标生物及其在农业生态系统中的相互作用产生影响. 本综述研究了农药对植物植物菌天然敌人的食物网和生态系统功能的影响.
科学领域:
- 农业生态 农业生态学
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 强化农业导致非目标生态系统广泛受到农药污染.
- 植物和节肢动物通过漂移和受污染的资源面临着慢性,低水平的农药暴露.
- 针对目标害虫设计的杀虫剂,可以影响非目标生物体的生理和相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查对象性杀虫剂暴露对影响食物相互作用的特征的目标和非目标影响.
- 分析这些影响如何影响生态系统在植物-植物-自然敌人网络中的功能.
- 确定挑战和未来的研究方向,以了解农药对陆地食用网络的影响.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了关于农药对食物相互作用影响的研究.
- 对研究植物-植物-天然敌人食物营养网络对农药反应的研究分析.
- 检查农药的直接 (目标) 和间接 (非目标) 影响.
主要成果:
- 低致死性农药暴露影响了对食用相互作用至关重要的特征,包括植物防御,食草动物表现和自然敌人的有效性.
- 杀虫剂的影响通过食物网连锁,改变物种间的关系,并可能破坏生态系统的功能.
- 即使在没有农药分子标的生物体中也观察到非标效应.
结论:
- 在农业景观中,杀虫剂对食用相互作用的次致命效应是一个重大问题.
- 需要进一步的研究,才能充分了解农药对陆地食物网和生态系统服务的复杂影响.
- 减轻农药风险需要全面了解除了直接毒性之外的它们的影响.
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