远程工作:它是否使工人更健康和更有生产力? 一项对南欧人口的横截面研究
Julian Perelman1, Florentino Serranheira2,
1NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. jperelman@ensp.unl.pt.
BMC public health
|July 20, 2024
概括
如果家庭工作条件不佳,远程工作 (TW) 可能会对健康和生产力产生负面影响. 改善这些条件对于最大限度地发挥远程工作的好处和保护员工福祉至关重要.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 工作场所心理学 工作场所心理学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 远程工作已经从一个利基化的实践转变为一个广泛的工作安排.
- 人们担心,由于社交互动减少和长时间使用电脑,可能会对工作和健康产生负面影响.
- 潜在的好处包括减少通勤和改善工作与生活平衡,但这些取决于特定的远程工作条件.
研究的目的:
- 调查远程工作对员工健康,福祉和生产力感知的影响.
- 检查远程工作条件如何塑造这些感知结果.
- 确定导致远程工作的积极和消极体验的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及25家葡萄牙公司1,069名工人的定量研究.
- 数据是通过在线调查问卷收集的,该调查问卷于2022年9月至12月期间进行.
- 分析包括描述性统计和后勤回归模型,以评估远程工作条件与自我报告的健康/生产力之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 观察到明显的自我感知健康恶化的流行率 (15.9%),特别是在那些远程工作条件不佳的人群中.
- 虽然三分之二的人表示提高了生产力,但家庭工作环境不足 (例如缺乏私人空间,供暖/照明不足) 会增加生产力和健康恶化的风险.
- 生活方式因素显示出负面转变,包括增加吸烟 (5.5%),酒精消费 (4.5%),和较差的饮食习惯 (10.1%).
结论:
- 远程工作为大多数员工提供了积极的前景,但低于最佳的条件对健康,福祉和生产力构成风险.
- 公司对远程工作者的支持往往是有限的,尽管存在有利的个人远程工作安排.
- 需要进一步的干预和支持来减轻负面影响,并确保远程工作的好处得到充分实现.
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