在先天性失明中,与眼睛运动相关的神经网络
Cemal Koba1, Alessandro Crimi1, Olivier Collignon2,3
1Computer Vision Team, Sano Centre for Computational Medicine, Krakow, Poland.
The European journal of neuroscience
|July 22, 2024
概括
与有视力的人相比,先天盲人显示保留了眼睛运动的大脑连接,但改变了模式. 这表明由于缺少视觉输入,大脑发生了一些重组.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 休息状态回声平面成像 (EPI) 从眼球轨道区域的时间序列通常与参与眼运动控制和视觉处理的大脑区域相关.
- 在先天盲人 (CB) 个体中研究这些模式可以揭示对硬连线神经约束和潜在的大脑重组的洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定先天盲人是否表现出轨道EPI信号和大脑活动之间的相似相关性,作为可视对照.
- 探索CB和视力正常的人之间与眼动相关的信号的时间动态的差异.
- 调查潜在的无协调的眼动及其神经相关的CB.
主要方法:
- 利用静止状态回声平面成像 (EPI) 来从先天盲参与者和有视力的对照者眼球轨道区域收集时间序列数据.
- 分析了轨道EPI信号与特定大脑区域的活动之间的相关性,包括运动和视觉皮层.
- 在两组之间比较了与眼睛运动相关的信号的时间模式.
主要成果:
- 在CB个体中,轨道EPI信号与运动皮层活动相关,但与视觉皮层活动相关性较小.
- 在CB和可视个体之间的眼动相关信号的时间模式中观察到显著差异.
- 一组CB参与者显示了非协调的双边轨道EPI信号,每个与不同的大脑网络相关.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,在先天盲人中,运动皮质和眼睛运动之间的神经电路保留了.
- 视觉输入的缺失似乎导致眼运动系统中中度神经重组.
- 出生失明的个体可能对眼睛运动的控制和自身感知有损.
相关概念视频
01:17Accessory Structures of the Eye
1.5K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
1.5K
01:24Prosopagnosia
153
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
153
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
6.0K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.0K
01:20Anatomy of the Eyeball
7.0K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
7.0K
01:24Vision
53.1K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
53.1K
01:26Visual System
564
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
564