病理参数和分子测试的开发和实施对结直肠腺癌的预后产生影响
Midie Xu1,2,3, Yaqi Li2,4, Yingxue Liu1,2,3
1Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Journal of the National Cancer Center
|July 22, 2024
概括
结直肠癌诊断和分子测试方面的进展显著提高了患者的生存率. 更新的病理分期和标准化分子测试,如MMR/MSI和RAS/BRAF,提高了CRC患者的临床结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 的诊断和治疗已经显著发展.
- 病理分期标准和分子检测技术经历了大量更新.
- 了解这些变化对患者结果的影响对于优化CRC护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析不断变化的病理诊断实践对结直肠癌 (CRC) 患者结局的影响.
- 评估分子检测技术进步对CRC患者存活率的影响.
- 在CRC预后上评估分期标准 (pT3/pT4,N1c) 和手术技术 (TME) 的变化.
主要方法:
- 在2008年至2020年期间诊断的21,141名CRC患者的回顾性队列研究.
- 对pT分期,中肠切除 (TME) 完整性和瘤沉积 (TD) 分期 (N1c) 的变化进行分析.
- 评估不匹配修复 (MMR) /微卫星不稳定 (MSI) 和RAS/BRAF基因突变测试对生存的影响.
主要成果:
- 更新的PT分期标准显著改变了PT3和PT4阶段之间的预后比较.
- 与部分切除相比,全半径切除 (TME) 与明显更好的整体存活率 (OS) 有关.
- 将瘤沉积物 (TD) 分为N1c改善了特定患者群体的预后评估;标准化的MMR测试降低了dMMR检测率,但改善了测试患者的预后.
- RAS/BRAF测试改善了I-III阶段CRC患者的无病生存期 (DFS).
结论:
- 病理报告参数的更新,包括pT分期和中直肠评估,对CRC患者的结果产生了积极的影响.
- 对MMR/MSI状态和RAS/BRAF突变的分子检测标准化显著改善了患者的预后.
- 这些进步共同有助于改善结直肠癌患者的临床结果.
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