不同基因架构下的基因组预测受到交配设计的影响
Sahar Ansari1, Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh1, Abdol Ahad Shadparvar1
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41635-1314, Iran.
Veterinary and animal science
|July 22, 2024
概括
积极的选择性交配可以提高动物育种中基因组预测的准确性. 这种策略可以提高后代的表现,而不会增加近亲繁殖,提供无偏见的基因组预测.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 基因组选择 基因组选择
- 定量遗传学 是一种定量遗传学.
背景情况:
- 管理动物交配对于后代的表现和控制近亲繁殖至关重要.
- 全基因组的标记特征,包括数百万个单核酸多态 (SNP),使得先进的动物选择.
- 了解不同交配设计对基因组预测准确性的影响,对于优化育种计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估五种不同的交配设计 (随机,正分类,负分类,最小化近亲繁殖,最大化近亲繁殖) 对基因组预测准确性的影响.
- 分析遗传多样性,亲属关系和近亲繁殖在各种条件下如何影响基因组预测准确性.
- 为了确定最佳的交配策略,在动物育种中进行公正和准确的基因组预测.
主要方法:
- 使用随机模拟技术来模拟各种场景.
- 模拟考虑了不同的标记物和定量特征位点 (QTL) 密度,以及遗传性 (0.05,0.30,0.60).
- 基因组预测的准确性通过对估计和真实育种值进行关联来评估,并使用回归系数检查预测偏差.
主要成果:
- 积极的选择性交配产生了最高的基因组预测准确度 (0.733 ± 0.003 到 0.966 ± 0.001).
- 负分类交配导致基因组评估准确度最低 (0.680 ± 0.011 到 0.899 ± 0.003).
- 积极的选择性交配产生了无偏见的回归系数,表明了精确的基因组育种价值估计.
结论:
- 建议在基因组评估计划中实施正分类交配,以实现准确和公正的基因组预测.
- 基于遗传多样性和近亲繁殖水平的交配策略的谨慎管理可以在不影响遗传健康的情况下提高后代的表现.
- 考虑各种交配设计对于最大限度地提高繁殖结果和确保动物种群的长期遗传改进至关重要.
相关概念视频
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs
348
Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
348
Incomplete Dominance
22.3K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
22.3K
Genetics of Speciation
19.2K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
19.2K
Natural Selection and Mating Preferences
100
The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
100
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
72.0K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
72.0K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K


