关于与年龄相关的黄斑退化症的诊断和管理的最新更新
Nithya Boopathiraj1, Isabella V Wagner1, Syril K Dorairaj1,2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes
|July 22, 2024
概括
与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 是不可逆转失明的主要原因. 最近在预防和治疗方面取得的进展,如抗VEGF药物,已经减少了视力损失,但对于高级的AMD需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 视网膜疾病 视网膜疾病
- 与年龄相关的黄斑退化研究
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 是西方人群不可逆转的视力丧失的主要原因.
- AMD呈现为干燥 (地理缩) 或湿 (新血管AMD [nAMD]) 形式,影响视网膜色素表皮和视网膜外层.
- 先进的AMD导致快速的中央视力丧失和对比度敏感性降低,严重影响生活质量.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对与年龄相关的黄斑退化症的理解和治疗情况.
- 总结一下最近在AMD预防和治疗方面的进展.
- 确定需要进一步研究的领域,以对抗晚期AMD引起的失明.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Medline数据库的系统文献搜索 (1980-2023年).
- 包括英语文章和评论.
- 从已识别的研究中审查文献,以确保全面的数据检索.
主要成果:
- 晚年老化主要影响55岁以上的人,在欧洲和北美人口中患病率更高.
- 现有的治疗方法,包括维生素补充剂和抗VEGF/补充剂抑制剂,已在缓解视力损失方面取得成功.
- 尽管取得了进展,但晚期的AMD (nAMD和地理缩) 仍然会导致明显的视力损伤.
结论:
- 最近的治疗和预防策略改善了AMD患者的治疗结果.
- 持续的研究对于进一步降低失明的发生率至关重要,特别是在晚期的AMD中.
- 解决AMD对生活质量的影响仍然是一个重大挑战.
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