在语义性痴呆症中面部识别方面的感知和语义缺陷
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|July 23, 2024
概括
语义痴呆症 (SD) 患者,包括语义变体初级渐进性失语症 (svPPA) 和语义行为变体前性痴呆症 (sbvFTD),尽管存在语义缺陷,但最初显示了面部知觉的保存. 晚期阶段的右后缩可能会影响面部感知.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知神经学 认知神经学
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 语义性痴呆症 (SD),包括svPPA和sbvFTD,其特点是影响面部和人体识别的语义缺陷,与前叶 (ATL) 缩有关.
- 目前尚不确定SD患者是否与语义障碍同时经历面部识别方面的感知缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 调查SD患者 (svPPA和sbvFTD) 和健康对照 (HC) 的面部感知和语义面部处理能力.
- 使用结构性MRI和基于voxel的形态测量来探索面部处理性能的神经相关性.
主要方法:
- 74名SD患者 (54名svPPA,20名sbvFTD) 和36名HC患者接受了感知 (BFRT-S) 和语义面部处理测试.
- 获得了结构性MRI,并基于声素的形态测量 (CAT12) 分析了灰质 (GM) 量及其与任务执行的相关性.
主要成果:
- SD患者在语义面部处理测试中受损,svPPA和sbvFTD在识别和命名方面存在差异.
- 在svPPA和sbvFTD患者中,在感知面部处理测试 (BFRT-S) 上表现保持.
- BFRT-S的表现与右后上神经 (pSTS) 的GM体积负相关.
结论:
- 早期的SD患者,焦点ATL缩,没有表现出感知面部识别缺陷.
- 患有右后缩的高级SD可能会导致面部知觉受损,此外还有语义缺陷.
- 在SD中,无论侧向化如何,面部感知能力的早期保存可以提高对疾病临床特征和治疗策略的理解.
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