新抗原特异性T细胞的帮助优于针对癌症的多抗原DNA疫苗接种中的非特异性帮助
Joanna Fréderique de Graaf1, Tamara Pesic2, Felicia S Spitzer2
1Immunetune BV, 2333 CH Leiden, the Netherlands.
Molecular therapy. Oncology
|July 23, 2024
概括
最佳的癌症疫苗需要瘤特定的CD4+T辅助抗原. 个性化癌症疫苗,包括MHCII类受限制的新抗原,通过引起特定的CD4+T细胞帮助来增强瘤控制.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- CD4+ T辅助抗原对于癌症疫苗至关重要.
- 癌症疫苗中MHCII类受限抗原的起源尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较癌症疫苗中瘤特异性抗原与与瘤无关的辅助抗原的疗效.
- 通过不同的疫苗策略调解CD4+和CD8+T细胞在瘤控制中的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发了针对小鼠MC-38结肠癌的三种DNA疫苗:noHELP (仅限CD8+T细胞新抗原),uniHELP (CD8+T细胞新抗原+通用辅助抗原) 和neoHELP (CD8+T细胞新抗原+辅助新抗原).
- 评估疫苗诱导的CD8+ T细胞反应和效应细胞部分 (KLRG1+,PD-1low).
- 在接种疫苗的小鼠中注射MC-38细胞后对瘤控制的评估,使用T细胞枯竭实验.
主要成果:
- 无论是uniHELP还是neoHELP疫苗都提高了CD8+T细胞的频率;uniHELP增加了效应细胞分数.
- 与noHELP相比,只有neoHELP疫苗接种显著改善了瘤控制.
- 通过NeoHELP介导的瘤控制需要CD4+ T细胞,而这两种疫苗都依赖CD8+ T细胞.
- 使用野生型抗原的NeoHELP变体显示瘤控制减少.
结论:
- 个性化癌症疫苗应包含MHCII类受限制的新抗原.
- 瘤特异性CD4+T细胞的帮助对于最佳的疫苗疗效和瘤控制至关重要.
- 辅助抗原的来源显著影响疫苗诱导的抗瘤免疫力.
关键词:
这种疫苗是DNA疫苗.MT: 定期发行 定期发行癌症疫苗 疫苗 癌症疫苗细胞分解性T淋巴细胞辅助型T淋巴细胞的帮助免疫疗法 免疫疗法新抗原是一种新抗原.个性化医疗是个性化的医疗.合成DNA是一种合成DNA.更多相关视频
08:52Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Published on: May 27, 2011
17.2K
08:10Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector
Published on: November 28, 2018
8.6K
相关概念视频
Cancer Vaccines
348
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
348
Tumor Immunotherapy
501
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
501
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
479
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
479
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
694
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
694
Vaccinations
44.3K
Overview
44.3K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
786
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
786
