相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 19, 2025

09:36
Isolated Pancreatic Islet Treatment and Apoptosis Measurement
Published on: May 2, 2025
292
利异硫酸盐对产生胰岛素的INS-1E细胞的细胞毒性
M Okulicz1, M Billert2, T Wojciechowicz2
1Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland. monika.okulicz@up.poznan.pl.
概括
基异硫酸 (AITC) 通过降低INS-1E细胞的活力,增殖和胰岛素产生,对β细胞功能产生负面影响. 线粒体功能障碍,独立于ROS,是AITC背后的一个关键机制.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 代谢研究 研究 代谢研究
背景情况:
- 基异硫酸 (AITC),在菜蔬菜中发现,已知会影响葡萄糖和脂质代谢.
- 以前的研究表明,AITC可以改善血糖控制和胰岛素作用,但它对胰腺β细胞的直接影响需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 研究AITC对INS-1E细胞活力,增殖,亡,线粒体功能和胰岛素生产的影响.
- 描述AITC对关键β细胞功能的剂量依赖反应.
主要方法:
- 用不同度的AITC (5-100μM) 处理INS-1E细胞.
- 试验包括细胞活力,增殖,亡,线粒体膜潜力,ATP水平,ROS生产和胰岛素mRNA和含量测量.
- 通过使用选择性抗剂来评估短暂受体潜在阳离子通道1 (TRPA1) 的作用.
主要成果:
- AITC显著降低了INS-1E细胞活力和增殖,以剂量依赖的方式.
- AITC诱导了线粒体功能障碍,通过减少线粒体膜潜力和ATP水平来证明,而不会影响ROS.
- AITC抑制了胰岛素mRNA表达,并降低了细胞内胰岛素含量.
结论:
- 基异硫酸对胰腺β细胞产生有害影响,损害了它们的生存能力和功能.
- 线粒体功能障碍似乎是AITC破坏β细胞功能的主要机制,独立于ROS.
- 这些发现突出了与胰腺β细胞健康有关的AITC暴露的潜在风险.
相关概念视频
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.2K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.2K
Insulin Secretory Vesicles
4.9K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
4.9K
Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation
367
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
367
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.2K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.2K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
883
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
883

