巴西母乳养和补充养指标的积极变化与有利的培养护理环境有关
A F Salviano1, B M Guedes1, A A F Carioca2
1Public Health Nutrition Program, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil.
Public health
|July 23, 2024
概括
巴西婴儿养趋势显示出混合的结果,饮食频率有所改善,不健康食品消费量有所减少,特别是在培养护理环境中. 然而,纯母乳养率仍低于全球目标.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 最佳的婴儿和幼儿养实践对于儿童的生存,成长和发育至关重要.
- 培养护理 (NC) 环境,包括健康,营养,安全和学习,被认为对儿童早期的福祉至关重要.
- 在当地培养护理环境的背景下了解养趋势对于巴西有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析巴西使用初级卫生保健 (PHC) 服务的幼儿母乳养和补充养关键指标的趋势.
- 评估当地培养护理 (NC) 环境对这些养指标趋势的影响.
- 为旨在改善儿童营养的幼儿计划和政策的设计提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项生态时间序列研究分析了2015-2019年2岁以下的1,055,907名儿童的食数据.
- 当地培养护理环境使用巴西幼儿友好型市政指数进行评估,评估营养,健康,学习和安全等领域.
- 普莱斯-温斯顿回归确定了趋势 (年均百分比变化),并将它们与NC分数的下方和上方五分位数进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 没有观察到专用/持续母乳养,食品引入或最低饮食多样性的显著趋势,2019年的流行率分别为54.5%,45.2%,92.5%和78.2%.
- 混合牛奶养 (+2.42%的APC) 和最低饮食频率 (+2.56%的APC) 的增长趋势.
- 甜饮品消费 (-5.92% APC) 和不健康食物摄入 (-4.69% APC) 的下降趋势被观察到,在有利的NC环境中更大的改善.
结论:
- 虽然婴儿养实践的全球目标未被实现,但该研究强调了培养护理环境在支持儿童营养方面的积极作用.
- 这些发现表明,当地NC环境中含有促进者,可以用来设计有效的幼儿营养计划和政策.
- 加强培养护理计划可能是改善巴西婴儿和幼儿养结果的战略方法.
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