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揭示微塑料在循环中的作用:来自河口沉积物微观宇宙的元基因学见解

Xiaodan Wang¹, Jiasen Li¹, Dongyu Wang¹

¹Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

|July 23, 2024

概括

海洋微塑料 (MPs) 的污染影响了河口沉积物中的循环. 聚乙烯 (PE) 和聚烯 (PS) 的MP改变了微生物群落和过程,高度的PE-MP刺激了塑料降解微生物.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
海洋生物学海洋生物学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

河口沉积物是重要的循环热点.
海洋微塑料 (MP) 在这些沉积物中积累,构成潜在威胁.
对于MPs对河口气循环的影响仍然不太清楚.

研究的目的:

调查聚乙烯 (PE) 和聚烯 (PS) MPs对河口沉积物中循环的影响.
评估MPs对溶解氧扩散和微生物社区结构的影响.
为了确定MPs对河口沉积物生态系统的剂量反应影响.

主要方法:

使用河口沉积物进行了微观宇宙实验.
聚乙烯 (PE) 和聚烯 (PS) 的MP被添加到0.3%和3%的湿沉积物重量.
使用微电极测量溶解氧 (DO) 扩散.
微生物社区的结构和功能使用元基因组测序进行了分析.

主要成果:

高度的PE-MPs暂时抑制了DO扩散.
MP治疗减少了主导微生物的丰富性,改变了社区结构,特别是高度PE-MPs.
PS-MPs促进了化,脱化和DNRA,但抑制了ANRA.
PE-MPs抑制了酸盐的减少和ANRA.
高度PE-MP显著增加了塑料降解细菌 (Bacillus) 和基因 (lip, pnbA) 的丰富性.

结论:

海洋微塑料 (MP) 显著影响河口沉积物中的循环和微生物群落.
PE和PSMP对转化过程具有明显的和重叠的影响.
高度的PE-MPs可以刺激塑料降解微生物的增殖,这表明生物降解的潜力.
研究结果强调了MP污染在敏感的河口环境中的复杂生态后果.

关键词:

溶解的氧气是一种溶解的氧气.功能性基因是指功能性的基因.转基因组学是什么意思?微塑料是一种微塑料.气循环是指气循环的过程.

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