高北极地区50年来 perfluoroalkyl 酸的记录:对全球和当地运输的影响
Daniel Persaud1, Alison S Criscitiello2, Christine Spencer3
1Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada. youngcj@yorku.ca.
Environmental science. Processes & impacts
|July 24, 2024
概括
北极地区的 perfluoroalkyl 酸 (PFAA) 正在增加,主要来自挥发性前体. 它们的运输涉及复杂的机制,如海洋气溶和矿物尘埃.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 北极研究研究北极研究
背景情况:
- perfluoroalkyl酸 (PFAA) 是全球持久的,在偏远地区被检测到.
- 对于PFAA的远程运输机制的理解尚不完全.
- 北极环境是全球污染的敏感指标.
研究的目的:
- 研究加拿大北极地区的PFAA沉积趋势和运输机制.
- 为了建立最长的北极记录 perfluoroalkylcarboxylic 酸 (PFCAs) 和 perfluoroalkylsulfonic 酸 (PFSAs) 的全球记录.
- 确定PFAA的潜在来源和运输载体.
主要方法:
- 来自加拿大努纳特省埃尔塞梅尔岛北部16.5米的冰芯的分析,跨越50年 (1967-2016).
- 冰芯的年龄测定,以建立一个按时间顺序的沉积记录.
- 对PFAA的化学分析,包括同类对相关性,摩尔度比率和痕迹分析.
主要成果:
- 在20世纪90年代之后,PFCAs经常被检测到,显示出日益增长的趋势.
- PFSAs没有显示出明显的趋势,并且度低于PFCAs.
- 在20世纪90年代之前,PFOS和PFBS的偶发沉积可能与北极军事活动有关.
- 海洋气溶和矿物灰尘被确定为特定PFAA的相关运输载体.
结论:
- 北极地区PFCA沉积量的增加与挥发性前体氧化有关.
- 复杂的机制,包括海洋气溶和矿物灰尘,有助于PFAA的运输和沉积.
- 该研究提供了关于偏远地区持久有机污染物的长期命运的关键见解.
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