新抗原特异性细胞毒性Tr1 CD4 T细胞抑制癌症免疫疗法
Hussein Sultan1,2, Yoshiko Takeuchi1,2, Jeffrey P Ward3
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
高剂量的MHC- II新抗原疫苗诱导细胞毒性1型调节T (Tr1) 细胞,通过杀死树突细胞来抑制抗瘤免疫力. 阻止这种抑制的策略提供了潜在的癌症治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症生物学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- CD4+ T细胞在瘤免疫中起着双重作用,已知调节性T细胞抑制抗瘤反应.
- 参与抑制抗瘤免疫的其他CD4+T细胞的特异性和功能尚不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同剂量的MHC-II新抗原疫苗对抗瘤免疫力的影响.
- 鉴定高剂量MHC-II新抗原疫苗诱导的抑制性免疫细胞.
- 阐明这些细胞抑制抗瘤反应的机制,并确定克服这种抑制的策略.
主要方法:
- 使用了含有MHC I类新抗原和不同剂量的瘤衍生的MHC- II新抗原的疫苗.
- 使用流细胞计和基因/蛋白质表达分析进行诱导抑制细胞的特征 (IL-10,granzyme B,perforin,CCL5,LILRB4).
- 在不同情况下 (抗PD1,低剂量疫苗,效应T细胞) 评估了已识别的Tr1细胞对瘤排斥的抑制功能,并研究了涉及cDC1s的机制.
主要成果:
- 低剂量MHC- II新抗原疫苗 (LDVax) 促进了瘤排斥,而高剂量疫苗 (HDVax) 则抑制了它.
- HDVax诱导的1型调节性T (Tr1) 细胞表达IL-10,大酶B,孔素,CCL5和LILRB4.
- 这些瘤特异性Tr1细胞通过选择性杀死MHC- II+cDC1抑制了抗瘤免疫力,从而减少了瘤中的数量.
结论:
- 细胞毒性Tr1细胞虽然参与了周围耐受性,但可以积极抑制抗瘤免疫反应.
- 高剂量的MHC-II新抗原疫苗会诱导这些抑制性Tr1细胞,从而损害癌症的免疫控制.
- 针对LILRB4,使用CD8导向的IL-2突变蛋白,或调节cDC2/单细胞是克服Tr1介导抑制的潜在策略.
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