用西班牙语为临床实体认可的职业健康叙述的伪名化语料库
Jocelyn Dunstan1,2,3, Thomas Vakili4, Luis Miranda1,3
1Department of Computer Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
BMC medical informatics and decision making
|July 25, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了西班牙语的语料库,用于在临床文本中匿名化个人健康信息. 它评估了命名实体识别 (NER) 模型对匿名和伪名数据的性能,以改善自然语言处理中的隐私.
科学领域:
- 临床自然语言处理 (NLP)
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的数据隐私
背景情况:
- 注释体对于开发强大的NLP系统至关重要,特别是在临床环境中.
- 匿名个人识别信息 (PII) 是临床集体创建的一个关键步骤,特别是随着大型语言模型的兴起.
- 经过初级保健推培训的现有NLP模型可能需要适应工作相关事故和疾病等专门的临床叙述.
研究的目的:
- 呈现一个新的西班牙语语库,在1,787个与工作有关的事故和疾病的病史中对PII匿名化进行注释.
- 在这个临床集体上评估先前存在的命名实体识别 (NER) 模型的性能.
- 为了比较NER模型对原始,掩盖和伪名的临床叙述的有效性,以评估保护隐私的技术.
主要方法:
- 开发和注释一个西班牙语的语料库,专注于PII在与工作有关的病史中的匿名化.
- 应用先前开发的NER模型 (以初级保健推进行培训) 来识别医疗实体 (疾病,身体部位,药物).
- 在三个数据条件中对NER模型性能进行比较分析:原始文本,PII掩盖文本和伪名文本,与医生策划的黄金标准进行基准测试.
主要成果:
- 这项研究成功地创建并注释了1,787个西班牙病史的数据库,用于PII匿名化.
- 分析显示了原始,掩盖和伪名文本之间的NER模型性能差异.
- 在模型的预测和医生策划的黄金标准之间进行了详细的比较.
结论:
- 提出的语料库和注释指南有助于在临床领域保护隐私的NLP研究.
- 这些发现提供了对PII匿名化和假名化对专业医疗文本中NER模型性能的影响的见解.
- 分享注释的语料库和指导方针支持开发更安全和更强大的临床NLP应用程序.
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