血液,汗水和眼:在战斗运动中水分测试的含义 - - 调查体质损失和生物标志物变化
Colin S Doherty1, Lauren V Fortington1, Oliver R Barley1
1School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, Australia.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|July 25, 2024
概括
战斗运动运动员因快速体量减轻 (BML) 而面临健康风险. 水分测试显示有效性有限,血位变化是对BML最敏感的生物标志物,但整体可靠性很差.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 身体生理学 身体生理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 战斗运动运动员经常从事快速体重减轻 (BML),造成严重的健康风险.
- 补水测试是减轻BML的拟议方法,但其在具有独特生理适应BML的运动员中的有效性需要研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估运动员的体质损失 (BML) 与水分生物标志物 (血清/尿液度,眼度,血红素,尿液特异性重力) 的变化之间的关系.
- 评估这些生物标志物的可靠性,以便在这个人群中实地使用.
主要方法:
- 15名战斗运动运动员两次接受了被动脱水方案 (桑拿),以达到大约4%的BML.
- 测量了血清度 (SosmΔ),尿液度 (UosmΔ),眼度 (TosmΔ),血度 (HctΔ) 和尿液特异性重度 (USGΔ) 的变化.
- 用回归分析和类内相关系数 (ICC) 来评估BML的解释能力和生物标志物的可靠性.
主要成果:
- 体重减轻 (BML) 显著解释了血红素 (HctΔ) (R2=0.22) 的变化,但不是血清度 (SosmΔ) 或其他生物标志物.
- 血红素 (post-Hct) 显示出最高可靠性 (ICC=0.82),而液度 (TosmΔ) 显示出可靠性较差.
- 对于运动后血清度和尿液特异性重度的标准切断值导致了大量的错误分类率 (USG为42%).
结论:
- 虽然血红素是对战斗运动运动员BML最敏感的生物标志物,但它只解释了变化的很小一部分.
- 目前的水分测试生物标志物,包括尿液特异性重力,在这个群体中表现出差到中等的可靠性和准确性.
- 除了传统的水分测试之外,还需要其他替代策略,以有效地管理战斗运动中的快速体重损失.
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