在健康的老年人中,主观认知能力下降与在概率学习任务中改变对负面反和积极反的处理有关
Siri-Maria Kamp1, Ricarda Endemann1, Luisa Knopf1
1Department of Psychology, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 25, 2024
概括
老年人担心认知能力下降,即使没有测试证据,也面临更高的痴呆风险. 在临床诊断之前,对反处理的神经反应可能表明主观认知衰退 (SCD).
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 老年人的主观认知衰退 (SCD),以担心认知而没有客观障碍为特征,是未来痴呆症的危险因素.
- 神经标记可能比传统测试更早地检测认知变化.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用事件相关潜力 (ERP) 调查具有和没有主观认知衰退 (SCD) 的老年人之间神经反处理的差异.
- 为了确定神经对反价值 (正与负) 的反应是否区分健康的老年人与没有自我报告的认知问题.
主要方法:
- 在概率学习任务中检查了与事件相关的潜在 (ERP) 响应,特别是与反相关的消极性 (FRN) 和P3b.
- 通过反价值引起的ERP在两个组中进行比较:健康的老年人报告主观认知衰退 (SCD组) 和没有主观认知衰退的老年人 (非SCD组).
主要成果:
- 没有发现有意义的群体差异从情绪充电的反学习.
- 与反价值相关的反负面性 (FRN) 振幅响应有所不同:在没有SCD组中,正反的幅度大于负反,但在SCD组中没有显著差异.
- 在两组中,对负反的P3b振幅都得到了增强,没有显著的群体差异.
结论:
- 改变神经对反价值的敏感性,特别是在FRN反应中,可能作为主观认知衰退 (SCD) 的早期神经标志物.
- 这些发现表明,反评估中的神经处理差异可能会在客观认知衰退和痴呆症诊断之前出现.
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