来自美国大盆地地区的长头坎布里亚软体脊椎动物
Rudy Lerosey-Aubril1, Javier Ortega-Hernández1
1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Royal Society open science
|July 25, 2024
概括
在犹他州发现了一种新的软体脊椎动物Nuucichthys rhynchocephalus.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 脊椎动物的进化 脊椎动物的进化
- 坎布里亚化石 坎布里亚化石
背景情况:
- 鱼是坎布里亚海洋生态系统的次要组成部分.
- 早期的脊椎动物是罕见的,软体化石来自特殊的Lagerstätten.
- 已知类型包括Myllokunmingia,Yunnanozoon,Emmonsaspis和Metaspriggina. 这些类型包括在内.
研究的目的:
- 为了描述一个新的软体脊椎动物化石从美国大盆地.
- 为了确定脊椎动物进化中的新分类的遗传学位置.
主要方法:
- 化石形态的描述:来自犹他州德鲁米安马尔朱姆 (Drumian Marjum) 形成的努奇希斯 (Nuucichthys rhynchocephalus).
- 用贝叶斯推断来重建进化关系的植物遗传学分析.
主要成果:
- 努奇希斯 (Nuucichthys rhynchocephalus) 拥有无翅膀的鱼雷形体,具有明显的头部,肌体,分支室和尾部过程.
- 遗传学分析将Nuucichthys置于脊椎动物干中,比早期的种群更接近冠状组脊椎动物.
- 努奇奇斯与劳伦斯的亲属 (Emmonsaspis,Metaspriggina) 形成一个多体结构,以及孔和皇冠脊椎动物的后代.
结论:
- 努奇奇斯代表了在美国大盆地发现的第一个软体脊椎动物.
- 重建表明基于眼睛的方向和缺乏的浮游生物,浮游生物的生活方式.
- 这一发现增强了对坎布里亚时期早期脊椎动物多样性和分布的理解.
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