重塑紧急护理:三年分析中的OHCA和STEMI的动态
Francesca Bottega1, Erika Kacerik1, Gabriele Perotti2
1Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy.
Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 25, 2024
概括
COVID-19大流行改变了紧急护理,影响了伦巴第地区的ST升高心肌梗塞 (STEMI) 和非医院心脏骤停 (OHCA) 诊断. 在第一波中,STEMI诊断显示出显著的变化,而OHCA诊断在第一波中增加.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行严重扰乱了全球的医疗保健系统,包括紧急医疗服务 (EMS) 和急救部门 (ED).
- 之前的研究集中在流行病的高峰期,注意到医院外心脏骤停 (OHCA) 的增加和ST升高心肌梗塞 (STEMI) 诊断的减少.
- 有限的证据表明,这些依赖时间的病理在流行病间阶段是如何受到影响的.
研究的目的:
- 分析COVID-19流行病对意大利伦巴第地区STEMI和OHCA流行病学的影响,在2019-2021年期间.
- 调查不同流行病阶段诊断率和可能性的变化.
- 了解关键心脏事件的医疗保健利用的变化.
主要方法:
- 使用了意大利伦巴第地区的区域紧急部门访问登记 (EUOL) 数据库.
- 分析了2019年至2021年STEMI和OHCA访问ED的数据.
- 使用统计分析来比较每月的诊断平均值,并根据总访问量和特定时间段评估诊断的可能性.
主要成果:
- 观察到每月STEMI诊断平均值的统计学上显著差异 (F(2, 33) = 4.45, p = 0.02).
- 在每月OHCA诊断平均值中没有发现显著差异 (F{2,33) = 0.18,p = 0.83).
- 接受STEMI诊断的可能性随着总访问次数的增加 (OR 1.40 [95% CI 1.25-1.58,p < 0.0001]).
- 2020年3月与2019年3月相比,OHCA出院诊断发生显著增加 (OR 3.35 [95% CI 2.88-3.90,p < 0.0001]),与第一个大流行浪潮相吻合.
结论:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,伦巴第地区的STEMI和OHCA流行病学发生了重大变化.
- STEMI诊断模式受到影响,与整体医疗保健获取相关的可能性增加.
- 在流行病的初期阶段,OHCA诊断出现了显著的激增,这突显了它对紧急护理结果的深刻影响.
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