手术前和手术后:人工智能和机器学习模型的进步,以改善感染性内心炎患者管理
Ramez M Odat1, Mohammed D Marsool Marsool2, Dang Nguyen3
1Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid.
International journal of surgery (London, England)
|July 25, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 显著改善了感染性内心炎 (IE) 的诊断和患者风险分层. 这些先进的模型比传统方法提供更高的准确性和个性化治疗,提高了心血管医学中的患者结果.
科学领域:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 传染性内心炎 (IE) 是一种危及生命的心脏内膜感染,表现复杂,死亡率高.
- 目前IE的诊断和治疗策略面临着重大挑战.
- 需要先进的工具来改善IE管理.
研究的目的:
- 评估人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 在治疗传染性内心炎中的应用和影响.
- 审查近期AI/ML在IE方面的进展和潜在用途.
- 评估AI/ML模型在临床实践中的优缺点.
主要方法:
- 对IE中AI/ML应用的当前文献的综述.
- 分析AI/ML模型在诊断准确性和风险分层方面的表现.
- 检查预测生物标志物及其与AI/ML的整合.
- 评估AI/ML模型的优缺点.
主要成果:
- 与IE诊断和风险分层的传统方法相比,AI/ML模型显示出更高的性能.
- 早期的术后死亡率预测模型 (例如SYSUPMIE) 实现了AUROC> 0.81.
- AI/ML改善了假内心炎诊断的敏感性 (59%至72%) 和特异性 (83%).
- 与AI/ML结合的炎症生物标志物 (IL-15,CCL4) 在死亡率预测中显示出91%的准确性.
- 简单的ML模型 (例如,天真贝叶斯) 在预测膜手术后死亡率方面达到92.30%的准确性.
结论:
- 人工智能/ML具有显著的潜力,可以增强IE管理,提供更好的诊断准确性,风险分层和个性化治疗.
- AI/ML可以提供实时监测和决策支持,从而有可能改善患者的治疗结果.
- 进一步的多中心,验证的研究对于克服实施挑战和充分实现AI/ML在心血管医学中的好处至关重要.
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