认为人工智能参与对数字医疗建议的看法的影响
Moritz Reis1,2, Florian Reis3, Wilfried Kunde4
1Institute of Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. moritz.reis@uni-wuerzburg.de.
Nature medicine
|July 25, 2024
概括
公众对医学的人工智能 (AI) 的看法表现出偏见. 患者更信任人类医生,而不是人工智能产生的医疗建议,即使在监督下,表明需要解决这种反人工智能偏见.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 为数字医疗咨询提供了新的途径.
- 之前的研究专注于人工智能的表现,忽视了公众的看法.
- 了解用户信任对于AI在医学中的采用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从不同来源调查公众对数字医疗建议的看法.
- 为了比较人工智能与人类提供的建议的可靠性和同理心等级.
- 根据医疗建议的来源来评估遵循医疗建议的意愿.
主要方法:
- 两项预先注册的研究,共有2280名参与者.
- 参与者评估了归因于"人工智能"",人类医生"或"人类+人工智能"的医疗咨询场景.
- 收集关于感知可靠性,同情心和遵守建议的数据.
主要成果:
- 人工智能和"人类+人工智能"标签的建议被评为明显不如"人类"标签的建议可靠性和同情性.
- 当人工智能参与时,参与者对遵循建议的意愿较低.
- 在数字医疗咨询的背景下,观察到一种反AI偏见.
结论:
- 公众的看法揭示了在数字医疗建议中对AI的偏见.
- 当人工智能被视为来源时,即使在医生监督下,信任和坚持也较低.
- 需要进一步的研究来缓解这种偏见,以便有效地将AI整合到医疗保健中.
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